amakuru

Muri iki gihe, abantu bita ku kurengera ibidukikije bike kandi bakarinda karubone, bityo iyo bashariza, abantu benshi bahitamo izindi myenda idahumanya ibidukikije. Uyu munsi tuvuga cyane cyane ku myenda idahumanya ibidukikije. Imyenda idashonga igabanyamo ibice bibiri: imyenda ishonga ishonga mu mazi (imyenda ishingiye ku mazi) n'imyenda ishonga mu binyabutabire. None se itandukaniro riri hagati y'iyi myenda ibiri idashonga ni irihe?

Itandukaniro riri hagati y’imyambaro ishingiye ku mazi n’iy’ibikoresho bishongesha rishobora kugaragazwa hakurikijwe ibi bikurikira:

A. Itandukaniro mu buryo bwo gusiga irangi

1. Resin iratandukanye. Resin y'irangi rishingiye ku mazi irashonga mu mazi kandi ishobora gushonga mu mazi;

2. Irangi rivangwa n'amazi riratandukanye. Amarangi ashingiye ku mazi ashobora kuvangwa na DIWater (amazi yakuwemo ayoni) mu rugero urwo arirwo rwose, mu gihe amarangi ashingiye ku misokoro ashobora kuvangwa gusa n'ibintu bivangwa n'ibinyabuzima (amavuta ya peteroli adafite impumuro, amavuta y'umweru woroshye, nibindi).

B. Ibisabwa bitandukanye mu kubaka irangi

1. Ku bijyanye n'inyubako, aho amazi ahagarara ni 0 °C, bityo irangi rishingiye ku mazi ntirishobora gushyirwa munsi ya 5 °C, mu gihe irangi rishingiye ku binyabutabire rishobora gushyirwa hejuru ya -5 °C, ariko umuvuduko wo kumisha uzagabanuka kandi hagati y'inzira hazaba hanini;

2. Ku bijyanye n'ubushyuhe bw'inyubako, ingaruka zo kugabanya ubushyuhe bw'amazi ni mbi, kandi irangi rishingiye ku mazi rizagira ikibazo iyo rigabanutse kandi rigagabanuka mu bushyuhe (kugabanya ubushyuhe bizagabanya cyane ingano y'amazi akora ku irangi, bigira ingaruka ku mbaraga zo gutwikira irangi, kandi byongera umubare w'inzira z'inyubako), Guhindura ubushyuhe bushingiye ku gushonga biroroshye cyane, kandi umupaka w'ubushyuhe uzagira ingaruka no ku guhitamo uburyo bwo kubaka;

3. Ku irangi rikozwe mu mazi riraryoha cyane, ubushuhe buri hejuru n'ubushyuhe buri hasi, ntirishobora kuvurwa neza, kandi igihe cyo kumisha kiragabanuka, ariko niba ubushyuhe bushyushye, irangi rikozwe mu mazi na ryo rigomba gushyushywa mu buryo buciriritse, kandi rizinjira mu bushyuhe bwinshi ako kanya. Nyuma y'uko irangi rikozwe mu mazi rimaze kuma, amazi y'imbere ashobora gutera imyobo cyangwa se akabyimba kanini, kuko amazi gusa akoreshwa nk'umusemburo mu irangi rikozwe mu mazi, kandi nta musemburo ubaho. Ku bijyanye n'imyenda ikozwe mu musemburo, umusemburo ugizwe n'ibintu bivanze bifite aho bibira bitandukanye, kandi hari imisemburo myinshi ihindagurika. Ibintu nk'ibyo ntibizabaho nyuma yo kuzima (igihe cyo kumisha nyuma yo kubaka kirangira kugeza igihe cyo kumisha mbere yo kwinjira mu ifuru).

C. Itandukaniro mu mitako yo gusiga nyuma yo gukora firime

C-1. Imiterere itandukanye y'urumuri

1. Irangi rikozwe mu ruganda rishobora kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'amabara n'ibirungo hakurikijwe uburyo bisya, kandi ntibyoroshye kubyibuha mu gihe cyo kubika. Mu kongeramo resins kugira ngo igenzure irangi rya PVC (pigment-to-base ratio), inyongera (nk'ibirungo bikoreshwa mu gupfuka) kugira ngo habeho impinduka mu irangi rya firime, Irangi rishobora kuba ridafite ibara, ridafite ibara, ridafite ibara, n'irifite ibara ryinshi. Irangi ry'imodoka rishobora kuba ringana na 90% cyangwa rirenga;

2. Irangi rikozwe mu mazi rigaragara neza ntabwo ringana n’iry’amabara akozwe mu mavuta, kandi irangi rikozwe mu mavuta rigaragara neza cyane. Ibi biterwa nuko amazi ari mu irangi rikozwe mu mazi akoreshwa nk'umuti ugabanya ubushyuhe. Imiterere y’amazi ituma bigorana ko amarangi akozwe mu mazi ashobora

irabagirana cyane ku kigero kirenga 85%.

C-2. Ibara ritandukanye rigaragara

1. Irangi rishingiye ku binyabutabire rifite ubwoko bwinshi bw'amabara n'ibiruzuza, byaba ibidafite umwimerere cyangwa ibidafite umwimerere, bityo amabara atandukanye ashobora guhindurwa, kandi ibara rikagaragara neza cyane;

2. Ubwoko bw'amabara n'ibikoresho byo gushushanya amarangi ashingiye ku mazi ni buto, kandi amabara menshi y'umwimerere ntashobora gukoreshwa. Bitewe n'uko ibara ridafite ibara ryuzuye, biragoye guhindura amabara meza nk'amabara ashingiye ku binyabutabire.

D. Kubika no Gutwara

Amarangi ashingiye ku mazi ntarimo ibintu bishongesha bigurumana, kandi nta kibazo kirimo mu kubika no gutwara. Mu gihe habayeho umwanda, ashobora kozwa hanyuma agakurwamo amazi menshi. Ariko, amarangi ashingiye ku mazi afite ubushyuhe busabwa mu kubika no gutwara. Amata n'ibindi bibazo.

E. Ubushobozi bwo gukora ibintu mu buryo burambye

Irangi rishingiye ku binyabutabire ahanini ni ibikomoka ku bimera, kandi ibikomoka ku bimera bizagira ibibazo bitandukanye nko gucika kw'urunigi no gukaraba mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi. Kuri ubu, ubushyuhe ntarengwa bw'ibikomoka ku bimera ntiburenga 400 °C.

Imyambaro yihariye irwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi ikoresha resins zidasanzwe mu irangi rishingiye ku mazi ishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwa dogere ibihumbi. Urugero, irangi rirwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi rya ZS series rirwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi ntiribanda gusa ku miterere yo kurwanya ingese no kurwanya okiside y'imyambaro isanzwe, ahubwo inareba ubushyuhe bwinshi bw'igihe kirekire, kugeza kuri 3000 ℃ Ubushyuhe bwinshi, ibyo bikaba bidashoboka ku irangi rishingiye ku binyabutabire.

G. Itandukaniro mu mutekano no kurengera ibidukikije

Irangi rikozwe mu ruganda rukora ibintu bishongesha rishobora guteza ibibazo by’inkongi no guturika mu gihe cyo gukora, gutwara, kubika no gukoresha. Cyane cyane ahantu hafunganye, rishobora gutera kubura umwuka no guturika. Muri icyo gihe, ibintu bishongesha by’umwimerere nabyo byangiza umubiri w’umuntu. Urugero ruzwi cyane ni irangi rya toluene ritera kanseri, kandi toluene ntiyemerewe gukoreshwa. Irangi rikoreshwa mu ruganda rukora ibintu bishongesha rinini, kandi ibicuruzwa bisanzwe birenga 400. Ibigo bifite igitutu gikomeye ku kurengera ibidukikije no kurengera umutekano mu gihe cyo gukora no gukoresha irangi rikozwe mu ruganda rukora ibintu bishongesha.

Irangi rishingiye ku mazi ntiringiza ibidukikije kandi rifite umutekano mu gukora, gutwara, kubika no gukoresha (usibye irangi rishingiye ku mazi ryihariye rituruka ku nganda zimwe na zimwe zikora ibintu bitari ibya leta).

Umwanzuro:

Irangi rishingiye ku mazi n'irangi rishingiye ku binyabutabire bifite ibyiza n'ibibi byabyo. Kubera ko ubushakashatsi ku irangi rishingiye ku mazi butaragera ku rugero rwiza, imikorere y'irangi rishingiye ku mazi ntishobora guhaza neza ibyo abantu bakeneye mu mikorere yabo. Gukoresha irangi rishingiye ku binyabutabire biracyakenewe. Uko ibintu bimeze koko birasesengurwa kandi bigasuzumwa, kandi ntibishobora guhakanwa kubera ububi runaka bw'ubwoko runaka bw'irangi. Bikekwa ko ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi ku irangi rishingiye ku mazi bukomeje kwiyongera, umunsi umwe, irangi rishya ritangiza ibidukikije kandi rifite umutekano rizakoreshwa cyane mu mfuruka zose z'isi.